Could not initialize plugin: interface org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker

Coding - Bugfix
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Background

I used Mockito in my test and here are the source codes:

pom.xml
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<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-jar-plugin.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    // other dependencies...
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.13.2</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.7.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
UserControllerTest.java
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private UserController userController;
private final UserRepository userRepo = mock(UserRepository.class);
private final CartRepository cartRepo = mock(CartRepository.class);
private final BCryptPasswordEncoder encoder = mock(BCryptPasswordEncoder.class);

@Before
public void setUp() {
    userController = new UserController();
    TestUtils.injectObjects(userController, "userRepository", userRepo);
    TestUtils.injectObjects(userController, "cartRepository", cartRepo);
    TestUtils.injectObjects(userController, "bCryptPasswordEncoder", encoder);
}

Problem

However, I can not run test with Mockito and received the error below:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not initialize plugin: interface org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker (alternate: null)

	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.PluginLoader$1.invoke(PluginLoader.java:88)
	at jdk.proxy2/jdk.proxy2.$Proxy8.isTypeMockable(Unknown Source)
	at org.mockito.internal.util.MockUtil.typeMockabilityOf(MockUtil.java:33)
	at org.mockito.internal.util.MockCreationValidator.validateType(MockCreationValidator.java:22)
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.MockSettingsImpl.validatedSettings(MockSettingsImpl.java:261)
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.MockSettingsImpl.build(MockSettingsImpl.java:234)
	at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.mock(MockitoCore.java:94)
	at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:1981)
	at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:1896)
	at com.example.demo.controllers.UserControllerTest.<init>(UserControllerTest.java:22)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:77)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:499)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:480)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:250)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:260)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$2.runReflectiveCall(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:309)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Internal problem occurred, please report it. Mockito is unable to load the default implementation of class that is a part of Mockito distribution. Failed to load interface org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.DefaultMockitoPlugins.create(DefaultMockitoPlugins.java:85)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.DefaultMockitoPlugins.getDefaultPlugin(DefaultMockitoPlugins.java:59)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.PluginLoader.loadPlugin(PluginLoader.java:79)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.PluginLoader.loadPlugin(PluginLoader.java:54)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.PluginRegistry.<init>(PluginRegistry.java:28)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.Plugins.<clinit>(Plugins.java:22)
	at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.<clinit>(MockitoCore.java:77)
	at org.mockito.Mockito.<clinit>(Mockito.java:1630)
	... 29 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:77)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:499)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:480)
	at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.DefaultMockitoPlugins.create(DefaultMockitoPlugins.java:83)
	... 36 more
Caused by: org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoInitializationException: 
It seems like you are running Mockito with an incomplete or inconsistent class path. Byte Buddy could not be loaded.

Byte Buddy is available on Maven Central as 'net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy' with the module name 'net.bytebuddy'.
For the inline mock maker, 'net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent' with the module name 'net.bytebuddy.agent' is also required.
Normally, your IDE or build tool (such as Maven or Gradle) should take care of your class path completion but 
	at org.mockito.internal.exceptions.Reporter.missingByteBuddyDependency(Reporter.java:1131)
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.ByteBuddyMockMaker.<init>(ByteBuddyMockMaker.java:31)
	... 42 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/bytebuddy/utility/GraalImageCode
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassInjectionLoader.<init>(SubclassInjectionLoader.java:34)
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.<init>(SubclassByteBuddyMockMaker.java:33)
	at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.ByteBuddyMockMaker.<init>(ByteBuddyMockMaker.java:29)
	... 42 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: net.bytebuddy.utility.GraalImageCode
	at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:641)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:188)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:520)
	... 45 more

Solution

Remove the version declaration of Mockito works for me:

pom.xml
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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>





References

Could not initialize plugin: interface org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker